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中文摘要：
模板法为各种中孔碳材料的可控和定向合成开辟了一条新的技术途径，近几年来已经成为国内外材料制备领域研究的热点之一。中孔碳材料具有孔道排列规则有序、孔径分布窄和比表面积高等特点而被广泛应用于气体分离、催化剂载体、吸附、色谱分析、超级电容器以及燃料电池等很多方面。本文综述了近几年来国内外模板法制备中孔碳材料的研究进展，重点阐述了模板法的种类，中孔碳材料的合成机理、方法以及中孔碳材料在生物、催化和电子能源等领域的应用，并分析了模板法制备中孔碳材料的发展趋势，认为中孔分子筛模板法和软模板法是未来制备中孔碳材料的重要方向。
英文摘要：
Template method provides a new technology for synthesizing various controllable and directional mesoporous carbon materials and has currently become one of the most popular topics in the advanced materials preparation at home and abroad. Due to their uniform and ordered pores, narrow pore size distribution and high specific surface area, mesoporous carbon materials have been widely used in gas separation, catalyst support, adsorption, chromatographic analysis, supercapacitors and fuel cells, etc. Based on the recent research progress of the template synthesis technology of mesoporous carbon, we discuss the effect of different template preparation technology on the performance of mesoporous carbon, analyze mesoporous carbon＇s formation mechanism and its application in biology, catalysis, electronic energy resources areas. It is pointed out that preparing mesoporous carbon by template technology is a promising method, and in the future the mesoporous molecular sieve template method and soft template method should be emphasized for template synthesis of mesoporous carbon materials.
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