中文摘要：

为粳稻孕穗期耐冷标准品种的建立和耐冷遗传育种研究提供优异基因资源,利用人工低温气候室,采用15℃、17℃、19℃3种胁迫温度,4d和6d两种胁迫时间,3×2交互式设计的方法,对来自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁和云南的12份粳稻种质进行了孕穗期耐冷性强度的研究。结果表明,随着低温胁迫的增强,各水稻品种的平均空壳率都随之增加;在15℃/6d胁迫下,供试品种平均空壳率的方差和变异系数达到最大,该胁迫强度可被选用于孕穗期强耐冷种质的筛选。依据15℃/6d胁迫下供试品种平均空壳率的方差分析及多重比较结果,空育131和龙稻3号具有极强的孕穗期耐冷性。不同地区可根据参试品种在本试验中的耐冷表现,并结合当地水稻种植区的光温条件选择相应的耐冷标准品种。

英文摘要：

In order to provide the excellent genetic resources for selecting japonica rice standard variety of cold tolerance at the booting stage and genetic breeding of cold tolerance in rice,the cold tolerance intensity of 12 accessions of japonica rice germplasm from Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning and Yunnan provinces at the booting stage were evaluated under the artificial climate rooms for low temperature where cultivars were exposed to 15℃,17℃ or 19℃.Exposures lasted for 4 days and 6 days.The results showed that the unfilled grain rate（UGR） of rice dramatically increased with increasing stress intensity.The variance and coefficient of UGR were maximum at 15℃ for 6 days,so this cold stress was applied to high cold tolerant japonica variety identification.Kuiku 131 and Longdao 3 showed theirs strong cold tolerance capacity at the booting stage by analysis of variance and multiple comparison of UGR at 15℃ for 6 days.When selecting the standard variety of cold tolerance at the booting stage in different province of China,we should consider the performance of PUG of testing varieties in this experiment,and combine with the light and temperature conditions in local rice-growing areas,respectively.