中文摘要：

Indica 是广泛地在亚洲和世界的其余部分种的重要米饭亚种不仅，但是它也是在中国的混合变化的多数的基因背景。在 indica germplasm 资源的基因结构和基因差异上的研究为在中国的栽培米饭的分类和利用是重要的。用包括 1482 中国 indica landraces 的一个遗传上代表性的核心集合，我们分析了基因结构，地理区别和差异。在三生态型以内的变化的基于模型的结构分析在中国揭示了与某些生态的地区部分一致的九种 eco 地理的类型。eco 地理的类型的区别被归因于本地生态的改编和物理隔离。这些组可能为开发 indica 的 heterotic 组是有用的。便于不同生态型和 eco 地理的类型的鉴定，我们基于典型等位基因识别了每生态型和 eco 地理的类型和辨别的一个快速的索引的典型 SSR 等位基因。典型等位基因和快速的辨别索引可以指导混合父母的 heterotic 组，和选择的开发。

英文摘要：

Indica is not only an important rice subspecies widely planted in Asia and the rest of the world, but it is also the genetic background of the majority of hybrid varieties in China. Studies on genetic structure and genetic diversity in indica germplasm resources are important for the classification and utilization of cultivated rice in China. Using a genetically representative core collection comprising 1482 Chinese indica landraces, we analysed the genetic structure, geographic differentiation and diversity. Model-based structure analysis of varieties within three ecotypes revealed nine eco-geographical types partially accordant with certain ecological zones in China. Differentiation of eco-geographical types was attributed to local ecological adaption and physical isolation. These groups may be useful for developing heterotic groups of indica. To facilitate the identification of different ecotypes and ecoeographical types, we identified characteristic SSR alleles of each ecotype and ecoeographical type and a rapid index of discrimination based on characteristic alleles. The characteristic alleles and rapid discrimination index may guide development of heterotic groups, and selection of hybrid parents. population structure, indica, SSR