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中文摘要：
碳微球（CMSs）是一种良好的光伏电池受体材料,为了提高CMSs在有机溶剂中的分散性、与给体材料的相容性以及最低未占有分子轨道能级,系统考察了十二胺对CMSs的修饰效果。首先采用体积比为1∶3的浓硝酸和浓硫酸对CMSs进行氧化处理,使其表面引入含氧官能团;然后在缩合剂N,N’-二环己基碳二亚胺（DCC）的作用下,用十二胺修饰CMSs,制备胺化CMSs。在胺化过程中考察了缩合剂DCC用量、反应时间和反应温度对胺化效果的影响。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪和热重分析仪对各阶段产物的形貌和结构进行了表征,并用电化学循环伏安法对最终产物进行了分析。结果表明,对于0.2g氧化CMSs,0.4gDCC,16.0g十二胺,温度70℃,反应时间24h时,所得胺化CMSs粒径均匀,并且胺化CMSs在氯仿中的分散稳定性明显提高,可增加其加工性能和与给体材料的相容性,为制备聚合物太阳能电池奠定了基础。
英文摘要：
Carbon microspheres （CMSs） were considered as a promising acceptor materials in photovoltaic cells. In order to improve the dispersion of CMSs in organic solvents, their compatibility with donor materials and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level, we systematically investigated functional modification of CMSs by dodecylamine. The CMSs were oxidized by a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid （ratio of 1 ＂ 3 by volume） in order to improve their surface activity. Then, the oxidized CMSs reacted with do- decylamine to prepare aminated CMSs with N, N＇-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide （DCC） as condensation agent. The influences of DCC dosage, reaction time and temperature were explored. The morphology and structure of the products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry. The results show that the preferable DCC dosage, amination time and temperature were 0.4g, 24h, 70~C for 0.2g of oxidized CMSs, respectively. The surface-aminated CMSs had good dispersion in chloroform, which favors their processability and compatibility with matrix donor material. The results of cyclic voltammetry indicate that the energy levels of aminated CMSs were matchable with the most commonly used electron-donor. The composites from the aminated CMSs would lay the foundation for preparation of polymer solar cells.
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