中文摘要：

目的探讨阴沟肠杆菌引起医院内感染的特点以及对抗菌药物耐药性的变化趋势。方法应用Walkaway40型全自动细菌鉴定仪对2007～2010年分离的256株阴沟肠杆菌进行鉴定和药敏试验,并进行统计学分析。结果 256株阴沟肠杆菌来源主要为伤口分泌物、痰及咽拭子、尿液、血液等,分别占51.6%、18.8%、12.5%、7.4%。对亚胺培南敏感性最高,耐药率较低（0.8%）,对头孢西丁耐药率高达98.0%。近年来阴沟肠杆菌多重耐药得到有效控制,临床常用药物的耐药呈下降趋势。结论加强阴沟肠杆菌的耐药监测、了解其耐药性变迁可合理指导临床用药,有效控制阴沟肠杆菌耐药菌株的产生。

英文摘要：

Objective To discuss the characteristics of nosocomial infection caused by Enterobacter cloacae and the trend of drug resistance.Methods Walkaway40 automatic bacteria identification instrument was used for identification and detection of drug resistance of 256 strains of Enterobacter cloacae from 2007 to 2010,and statistical analysis was performed.Results Total 256 strains of Enterobacter cloacae were isolated from the wound secretion（51.6%）,sputum and throat swab（18.8%）,urine（12.5%） and blood（7.4%）.Clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae were most sensitive to Imipenem,with resistance rate less than 0.8%,and the resistance rate to Cefoxitin reached 98.1%.Multiple drug resistance of Enterobacter cloacae has been effectively controlled,and a decreasing trend of drug resistance to commonly used antibiotics could be demonstrated.Conclusion To strengthen the monitoring of drug resistance of Enterobacter cloacae and understanding the evolution of drug resistance could be helpful for the rational medication and controlling the generation of drug resistant isolate of Enterobacter cloacae.