针对大型蒸汽动力舰船传统制动方法机动性差的问题,分析回汽制动技术的机理,并基于Matlab-Simulink环境,建立由调节阀、正车汽轮机、倒车汽轮机、螺旋桨及舰船负载等组成的回汽制动系统各组成部分及全系统的仿真模型。通过舰船的自然滑行试验和回汽制动试验,对模型进行验证。实验结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,在汽轮机强度允许的范围内,回汽制动较传统制动方法能大幅度缩短制动时间,增加舰船机动性。
For the defects of poor maneuverability in traditional braking method of steam-powered ships,the mechanism of back-steam braking for steam-powered ships was analyzed.The simulation models of the composition units and whole system for the braking system were created based on the Matlab-Simulink,including the models of valves,head steam turbines,back steam turbines,screw propellers and the ship loads.The model was validated through natural coasting test and back-steam braking test.The results show that the simulation results are consistent with the test data.Back-steam braking technology can reduce braking time and improve maneuverability of the ships obviously.Also,the technology can be used for braking problem of the nuclear-powered ships with the same braking principles.