中文摘要：

通过实验考察了枯草芽孢杆菌吸附电镀废水中镉前后的浮选性能,探索了浮选法实现载镉枯草芽孢杆菌与水相分离的可行性,并采用透射电镜、电动电位测试和红外光谱的方法分析生物吸附浮选机理。结果表明,阳离子型捕收剂十二胺和二正丁胺对枯草芽孢杆菌有较好的浮选效果。在适宜用量及pH值条件下,菌细胞浮选回收率均达97%以上。在电镀废水中,镉质量浓度约为26 mg/L,用二正丁胺浮选载镉枯草芽孢杆菌,吸附和浮选的pH值均为8,二正丁胺用量为4×10^-4mol/L时,菌细胞的回收率为85.01%,镉的去除率达76%以上。菌细胞与镉离子及二正丁胺的吸附过程主要与细胞多糖中的羟基、羧基及蛋白质中的氨基有关,吸附过程以化学络合为主,并有静电引力、氢键及范德华力的参与。

英文摘要：

The present paper is devoted to the study of the effect of the floating behavior on Bacillus subtilis before and after cadmium adsorbed from the electroplating wastewater. The paper also investigated the feasibility of the floatation method in isolating and retrieving cadminm of Bacillus subtilis from the waste water, while analyzing the mechanism of the biosorption and flotation process. The results of our investigation show that floatation effect on cation collecting laurylamine and dibutyamine to Bacillus subtilis in the distilled water is positive, with the recovery rate of Bacillus subtilis being as high as 97 %. However, the recovery rate can be different with the adsorbing time. For example, the recovery rate of Bacillus subtilis is 85.01% and removal rate of cadmium is over 76 % after the adsorbing process lasting for 10 minutes with cadmium concentration in cadmium-containing electroplating wastewater about 26 mg/L, Bacillus subtilis 10 g/L （wet weight）, pH value in adsorbing and floatation process of 8.0, with the dosage of dibutyamine 4 ×10^-4 mol/L. Actually, three main components may participate in the absorbing process, that is, the hydroxyl, carboxyl in amylase and amidol in the protein of cell, which can also be taken as the biosorption reaction and the main biosorption force. Meanwhile, the electrostatic force, hydrogen bonding and Van Der Waals are all playing their respective roles in the adsorption process.