中文摘要：

采用青霉菌菌体作为吸附剂对染料活性艳红X-3B进行吸附研究，考察了染料的初始质量浓度、pH值和温度对菌体吸附能力的影响，并探讨了吸附动力学和热力学特性。结果表明，经硝酸处理后的菌体吸附能力明显增强，在pH值为3时，吸附量达到最大。吸附过程可用准二级动力学方程来表达，平衡时吸附量的计算值和实验值吻合很好，相关系数可达0．9998。硝酸处理的菌体对活性艳红的吸附等温线可用Langmuir方程表达。当温度为25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃时，饱和吸附量分别为250．0mg／g、322．6mg／g、400mg／g、416．7mg／g。温度升高，吸附量增大，表明该吸附反应是吸热反应。根据热力学函数关系计算出AH=35．13kJ／mol，AS=125．17J／（mol·K），ΔG为-2．13～-4．03kJ／mol，表明菌体对活性艳红的吸附是自发过程。

英文摘要：

The present paper is about the authors＇ investigation into the biosorption of the Reactive Red X-3B gained from an aqueous solution by Penicilium sp. in a batch system. In our work, we have investigated the effects of the initial concentration of the dye, pH value as well as the temperatures on biosorption of Reactive Red X-3B along with our definition of the adsorption isotherms and their dynamic features. As the result of our testing and investigation, we have found that the nitric-treated fungal biomass is beneficial for empowering dye＇s adsorption capacity as compared with the native mycelia. At different initial Reactive Red X-3B concentrations （50-500 mg/L）, the equilibrium uptake capacity of nitric-treated fungal mycelia has been found to increase significantly with the increase of the dye＇ s initial concentration. Moreover, the adsorbed Reactive Red X-3B amounts have also heen discovered to decrease with the increase of the initial pH value of the system. The maximum dye uptake capacity with the fungal biomass preparations was observed at pH 3.0, with the reactive red being easily eluted by 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution and its elution efficiency being able to rise high up to 95 % . What is more, we have also studied the three cycles of biosorption-elutionbiosorption for the biomass. The fast adsorption rate is expected to get to with its dye-adsorption efficiency up to 85 % during the first 10 rain at room temperature, which is generally considered practical for industrial use. Besides, the so-called pseudo second-order model is also regarded as the best description for the reaction rate, adsorption capacity as well as the correlation coefficient （known as 0.999 8） . In addition, the Langmuir and Freundlich models have also been used to describe the isotherm data. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum reactive Ied uptake at the temperature of 25 ℃ , 30 ℃ , 35℃ and 40 ℃ can be expected to reach 250.0 mg/g, 322.6 mg/g, 400 mg/g and 416.7 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, we have also