中文摘要：

奥斯曼帝国晚期在社会文化领域的现代化改革具有重要的意义和影响.它不仅触发了奥斯曼帝国的民族意识,推动了民族建构,而且进一步实现了政治上的世俗化、行政机构的专业化和宪政制度,同时也逐步推动了教育部门的世俗化、本土化以及妇女地位的提高等.这些改革的成就为土耳其共和国所继承,而民族认同的困境、西方现代性与伊斯兰传统的矛盾等也困扰着国家的现代治理.土耳其现代化离不开东西方的文明交往,更离不开土耳其的文明自觉.

英文摘要：

The modernization reforms in the social cultural domains of the Late Ottoman Empire exerted great impact on the development of the society. The reforms not only provoked the people＇ s national awareness, promoted the construction of the nation, but also further realized the political secularization, administrational professionalization and constitutional regulation. Meanwhile, the reforms also helped to make the education more secularized, localized, and women＇ s status improved, etc.. These achievements of the reforms have been inherited by the Republic of Turkey, as a matter of fact, problems like the national identity, conflicts be- tween western modernization and Islamic tradition, etc. have been perplexing the Republic. The modernization of Turkish Republic can not be separated from East - West civilization communications, but most importantly, can not be separated from the Turkish self cultural consciousness.