中文摘要：

中国农村学前教育的发展引起了前所未有的重视，但是农村学前教师队伍却面临着数量短缺、质量低下的困境。面对同样的问题，美国农村教师培训计划通过加大资金投入、生源向农村倾斜、将农村社会学纳入培训课程等措施，突破了农村教育发展的“瓶颈”。中国农村学前教育发展要通过优化课程设置提高职前培养质量、建立县级培训中心强化在职培训、建立高校和农村幼儿园长期合作的机制、提高待遇来缓解农村学前教师的流动等措施来满足农村学前师资的有效供给。

英文摘要：

The development of rural preschool education in China has attracted unprecedented attention. However, rural preschool teachers are short in number and poor in quality. To solve the problems, the increase of capital investrnent, the enrollment of more rural students and the adding of rural sociology to training programs are practiced in American Rural Training Programs to break through the ＂bottleneck＂. So we need to optimize the course settings, improve pre-service training quality;establish county training centers, strengthen job training, increase contact between universities and kindergartens in mral areas and improve the rural teachers＇ treatment to realize the effective supply of rural preschool teachers.