中文摘要：

目的利用 ^18F－FDG PET研究静息状态下健康成年人脑葡萄糖代谢网络的性别差异。方法采用2011年6月至2016年6月间招募的204名[男104名，平均年龄（53.45±11.51）岁；女100名，平均年龄（54.11±12.09）岁]右利手健康成年人静息状态下的^18F－FDG PET数据构建脑代谢网络，并用图论的方法分析其节点及全局参数：类聚系数（Cp）、绝对路径长度（Lp）及节点中心性（Cb）。采用重复1 000次的置换检验分析数据。结果男女受试者的脑^18F－FDG PET代谢网络均具有小世界属性；同女性组相比，男性组左侧中央后回、右侧角回、左侧颞中回颞极的Cb明显减少（置换检验，均P〈0.05），而左侧杏仁核、左侧楔前叶、右侧颞中回颞极、左侧颞下回的Cb则明显增加（置换检验，均P〈0.05）；男性组有较高的Cp和较长的Lp，但与女性组的差异并无统计学意义（置换检验，均P〉0.05）。结论全脑代谢网络的拓扑结构存在性别差异。在实验设计、健康对照及试验组代谢数据计算及临床决策时，须将性别当作协变量。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the gender differences of glucose metabolic network in brains of healthy adults at resting state by ^18F-FDG PET. Methods A total of 204 dextromanual, healthy individuals （104 males, average age：（53.45±11.51） years; 100 females, average age： （54.11±12.09） years） were enrolled from June 2011 to June 2016 to construct brain metabolic networks. The nodal and global parameters, including clustering coefficient （Cp）, characteristic path length （Lp） and betweenness centrality （ Cb ）, were analyzed by graph theory. Permutation test with 1 000 repetitions was used. Results The brain metabolic networks derived from ISF-FDG PET data were with small-world properties in both male group and female group. Compared with Cb in females, Cb in males was significantly reduced in left postcentral gyrus, fight angular gyrus and left temporal pole/middle temporal gyrus （permutation test, all P〈0.05） ; and it was increased in left amygdala, left precuneus, right temporal pole/middle temporal gyrus and left inferior temporal gyrus （permutation test, all P〈0.05）. Comparing with the females, the male group had higher Cp and longer absolute Lp but without significant difference （permutation test, all P〉0.05）. Conclusions There are gender-related differences of topological structure in whole-brain metabolic networks. Gender should be considered as a covariate while designing experiments, accounting for cerebral metabolic data from normal control and experimental patients as well as making clinical decisions.