中文摘要：

接种根瘤菌技术在农业生产中应用广泛。通常，接种菌菌剂以液体或者固体（同载体结合在一起）的形式出售。菌剂的生产涉及大量细胞的生成，该过程主要受两个因素的制约：一是根瘤菌生长培养基的成本，另一个是用于固体菌剂生产的载体的费用。一些工农业副产物（如麦芽、秸秆等）含有氮源和碳源等促进根瘤菌生长的因子，还有一些工农业废料（如植物堆肥等）可以用作根瘤菌菌剂生产的载体。最近，全世界一种广泛存在的可再生废料：污水污泥，很有可能被用作接种根瘤菌剂生产的培养基和载体（脱水污泥）：污泥通常含有足以维持根瘤菌生长的氮元素，其重金属含量也较低。有时候可以通过污泥预处理或者添加营养素的方法优化其生长条件。同普通菌剂相比，污水污泥中生长的根瘤菌能够使植物进行有效的结瘤和固氮。本文所介绍的这种接种根瘤菌剂生产的新方法为废料处理以及菌剂生产提供了一种安全、环保的选择。

英文摘要：

Inoculating legumes with rhizobial inoculants is a universal agriculture technique. Generally, inoculants are sold in liquid or in solid forms （mixed with carrier）. The process of production involves a step in which a large number of cells are produced, followed by the product formulation. This process is largely governed by the cost related to the medium used for rhizobial growth and by the availability of a carrier source for production of solid inoculant. Some industrial and agricultural by-products （e.g. cheese whey, malt sprouts） contain growth factors including nitrogen and carbon, which can support growth of rhizobia. Other agro-industrial wastes （e.g.plant compost,fihermud,fly-ash） can be used as a carrier for rhizobial inoculant, wastewater sludge is a worldwide recycleable waste, More recently, it has shown good potential for inoculant production as a growth medium and as a carrier （dehydrated sludge）. Sludge usually contains nutrient elements at concentrations abundant enough to sustain rhizobial growth and heavy metals are usually below the recommended level. In some cases, growth conditions can be optimized by a sludge pre-treatment or by the addition of nutrients. Inoculants produced in wastewater sludge are efficient for nodulation and nitrogen flaxation with legumes as compared to standard inoculants. This new approach described in this review offers a safe environmental alternative for both waste treatment/disposal and inoculant production.