中文摘要：

本文基于社会-技术转型理论，首先从宏观环境、中观体制和微观利基三个层次分析了中国电网向智慧电网转型的关键要素及机制，并据此将电网转型分为宏观压力强化、多利基涌现、优势利基成长、新体制确立四个阶段；然后从电网安全、电网结构演化、政策引导和市场消费者习惯四个方面分析了电网转型存在的障碍，提出了突破电网转型障碍的四种路径：运行安全、管理智能、使用智能和绿色电网。最后，从加强政策引导和电网监管提出了加速电网转型的建议。

英文摘要：

Based on the social-technical theory, this paper analyzed the main elements and feedback mechanism of China＇s power grid transformation from three levels ： landscape, regime and niche. The process of power grid transformation is divided into four stages, in- eluding the reinforce of macro-pressure, the emergence of multi-niche, the maturity of predominant niche, the establishment of new re- gime. Then, obstacles to development are revealed from four aspects ： the power grid security, structure evolution of power gird, policy guidance and the habits of market and consumer. Based on the transformation obstacles, there are corresponding to four transition path ： the operation security, the intelligent management, the using intelligence and the green power grid. Finally, we provided policy recom- mendations for China＇s power grid development, which government decision-making and regulation would be the most crucial element.