中文摘要：

采用随机引物扩增多态性分析方法，研究我国长江以南地理距离跨度较大的6个不同种群日本稻蝗Oxya japonica的种群遗传学关系。10条随机引物对57个日本稻蝗个体共扩增出131个片段，其中多态性位点为128个，总的多态位点百分率是97．7％。种群间的遗传分化系数表明：日本稻蝗的遗传变异大部分存在于种群内。Nei’s遗传距离显示：日本稻蝗种群间的遗传距离存在较大差异，河北平山种群和云南种群遗传距离最大，为0．1715，广东广州种群和广西南宁种群遗传距离最小，为0．0770。聚类结果分析表明，地理上相距较近的种群优先相聚，遗传距离、地理距离和亲缘关系间呈现出一定的相关趋势。

英文摘要：

The genetic relationships of six populations （collected from Hebei Pingshan, Jiangsu Xuzhou, Zhejiang Hanzhou, Guangdong Guangzhou, Guangxi Nanning, Yunan Tengchong） of Oxya japonica were studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD）. The genomic DNA of 57 individuals were amplified using 10 primers. A molecular phylogenetic tree was then constructed by inter-groups linkage, UPGMA and NJ. The results suggested that the proportion of poly- morphic loci of Yunnan population was the highest. Shannon index showed higher genetic diversity within Yunnan Tengchong population. A tendency of clustering following a North-South gradient could be observed in the dendrogram, and the results also implied that genetic distance of six populations of O. japonica correlated with geographical distance to some extent.