为研究瓦斯爆炸的直接原因并得到一定的统计意义,以194起事故案例为基础对导致瓦斯爆炸的直接原因(主要是不安全动作)进行了深入分析,并对不安全动作进行命名和共性动作进行分类,得到了6大类共17种导致瓦斯积聚的不安全共性动作,并对这17种共性动作进行了统计分析;得到了8种导致外因火源(电气火源除外)产生的不安全共性动作,对这8种共性进行了统计分析。分析结果显示,其中大多动作对工人的技术要求不高,只要操作者具备较高的安全意识,则这些不安全动作均可避免。最后,基于主动预防的理念,提出了事故预防行为安全培训、作业行为标准化、应用行为安全方法、不安全动作警示标志4种预防瓦斯爆炸的对策措施。
In order to research direction cause of methane explosion and obtain statistic result,this paper deeply analyzed direct causes( mainly unsafe action) of 194 disaster cases and classified unsafe actions and common actions. 6 classes including 17 unsafe and common actions resulted in methane accumulation,and 8 unsafe common action resulted in external-cause fire( excluding electrical fire) were obtained. Results showed that higher safety consciousness,not technical ability,was needed to avoid these unsafe actions. Finally,based on active prevention idea,corresponding countermeasures including disaster prevention action safety training,working action standardization,application action safety method and unsafe action alert symbol were put forward for preventing methane explosion.