中文摘要：

自我意识情绪理解会影响儿童的社会行为与社会适应。运用自我意识情绪理解情境故事、亲社会行为问卷和社会计量方法，对314名1—6年级小学儿童进行施测，探讨了小学儿童自我意识情绪理解的发展特点及其与亲社会行为、同伴接纳的关系。研究发现：（1）小学儿童自我意识情绪理解水平随着年级的升高而提高，1～3年级提高的较快，3年级以后提高速度变缓。（2）小学儿童的自我意识情绪理解水平与亲社会行为、同伴接纳显著呈正相关，并且自豪的理解和亲社会行为对同伴接纳有显著的预测力，羞愧的理解对亲社会行为有显著的预测力。

英文摘要：

Self-conscious emotions understanding will affect the children＇ s social behavior and social adaptation. Vignettes of self-conscious emotions understanding, questionnaire of pro-social behavior, and peer nominating were administered to 314 primary school children from one grade to six grade to explore the development of self-conscious emotions understanding in primary school children, and its relationship with pro-social behavior and peer acceptance. The results indicated that （ 1 ） primary school children＇ s self-conscious emotions understanding increased with grade, self-conscious emotions understanding of children＇ s in 1-3 grades increased rapidly and it slowed down after 3 grade. （2） Children＇ s self-conscious emotions understanding had a significant positive correlation with their pro-social behavior and peer acceptance, and pride understanding and pro-social behavior showed significant prediction on peer acceptance; shame understanding also can be a significant predictor of pro-social behavior.