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中文摘要：
利用卫星、雷达和地面加密资料,分析了2003年7月3～4日淮河流域大暴雨的中尺度系统演变特征.结果表明：（1）云团的生成源地都在河南西部山区,然后影响安徽北部;（2）梅雨锋区等θse线随高度近于垂直分布,具有类似热带系统的暖心结构特征,θse高值区的“漏斗”状结构比较明显;（3）双圈垂直次级环流,是造成强降水的主要物理机制,这种机制的形成和维持与高低空急流的耦合是紧密相关的;（4）整层的视热源〈Q1〉和视水汽汇〈Q2〉高值区呈带状分布在梅雨锋附近,并且位温和比湿垂直平流项在Q1、Q2中发挥重要作用;（5）对流不稳定和条件对称不稳定的建立使得在暴雨区,既存在深厚的热力不稳定机制,又存在水汽输入机制和热力不稳定的触发机制,从而形成强暴雨;（6）湿比有效能量是强降水维持的主要能量来源,降水产生的凝结潜热释放在能量正反馈中发挥重要作用.
英文摘要：
The heavy flood over the Huaihe River valley in the summer of 2003 is another serious flood event after 1991, in which there were totally 7 rainstorm processes over the Huaihe River valley, the total precipitation, intensity of the heavy rainstorm and severe flood were rare in the history. Both the precipitation and the flood over the Huaihe River valley were more serious than those in 1991 during the same period. The strongest rainstorm happened during Jun 29 to July 4, in which the intensive rain period was from 0000 UTC 3 July to 0000 UTC 4 July, with Taihe in Anhui Province isolated by 24 h precipitation of 249.3 mm. By use of satellite, radar and intensive surface data, and NCEP reanalysis data, evolution of the mesoscale systems of heavy rain in the Huaihe River basin during 3 - 4 July 2003 is analyzed. Results show that （1） origin of cloud clusters is from the mountain area of western Henan Province, （2） isoline of 0se is with vertical warm-cored and funnel-shaped features similar to tropical systems, （3） bi-meridional vertical circulations are the main mechanism for heavy rain, which are relative to the couple between high-level and low-level jet, （4） the high value of the whole-level apparent heat source 〈Q1〉 and moisture sink （Q2） is near the Meiyu front and the vertical advection term plays a key role in Q1 and Q2, （5） the construction of convection instability and conditional symmetry instability results in that there is not only deep thermal instability, but also moisture influx and triggering mechanism of thermal instability causing strong torrential rain. The mechanism of the heavy rain is as follows. Firstly, the southerly jet in the boundary layer transports moisture to the area of the large-scale ascending motion. Secondly, the slantwise motion arises and a conditional symmetric instability forms in the same area. Thirdly, moist available energy and latent energy may drive the bi-meridinal vertical circulations. All of them couple each other and provide not only
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