中文摘要：

桥梁压缩河道产生壅水,在大流量下桥梁群壅水效应的叠加会形成防洪隐患。采用二维浅水方程中水力要素沿水深平均的方法,建立平面二维水流数学模型进行求解,研究压缩度、流量和糙率对单桥壅水的影响,并对浑河上将军桥、铁路桥和永安桥三座桥梁壅水情况进行数值仿真研究。通过与规范公式计算结果和实测资料相比较,验证了模型的准确性。同时也说明用压缩度代表桥梁对河道影响的数值仿真方法具有通用性,该方法可在桥位选择和桥渡总体布置中推广应用。

英文摘要：

The bridge backwater compression channel,bridge group of superposition of backwater effect will cause a hazard to flood control under a heavy traffic. By using two-dimensional shallow water equations of hydraulic elements along the average water depth,the method of plane 2D water mathematical model is established to evaluate and study the compression degree,traffic,and the influence of roughness of single bridge backwater,and the numerical simulation is carried out on the Jiangjun Bridge,on the Tielu Bridge and Yong ＇ an Bridge ＇ s backwater situation. By comparing the standard formula calculation results and the measured data,the accuracy of the model is verified. At the same time,the degree of compression representing the numerical simulation method of the impact of river bridges is versatile,this method can be popularized and applied to the general arrangement of bridge site selection and bridge crossing.