中文摘要：

硒是人体必需的微量元素，在维持细胞活性和机体正常生理功能中发挥着重要作用。硒主要以硒代半胱氨酸的形式掺人形成蛋白质。其中硒代半胱氨酸是鉴定出的第21个氨基酸，并在核糖体蛋白合成中发挥重要作用。目前至少有25种硒蛋白在人类基因组中被鉴定。而且多项研究已证实硒蛋白基因多态性与多种疾病易感性存在相关关系。故作者就几种主要的硒蛋白及其基因多态性作一述评。

英文摘要：

The trace element selenium is an essential trace element and it play important roles in maintaining cellular activities and physiological function in human. Selenium which occurs in proteins in the main form of Selenocysteine （Se-Cys）-identified as the 21st amino acid used in ribosome-mediated protein synthesis-is incorporated in at least 25 specific, genetically determined human selenoproteins, many of which have only recently been discovered. Furthermore, the possible associations between polymorphisms of selenoprotein genes and disease susceptibility. In this review we provide a brief but up-to-date overview of what is currently known about some acknowledged human selenoproteins and their genetic polymorphisms.