中文摘要：

可控金属氧化物避雷器（简称可控避雷器）是一种可以深度降低特高压交流输电系统操作过电压的新型设备,现有的避雷器试验方法无法检验其在操作冲击下的动作特性。为此,分析了可控避雷器在操作冲击下的动作特性,设计了检验可控开关动作时延和可控开关动作前后避雷器残压这两个动作特性的试验方法,采用操作冲击电流和操作冲击电压分别进行了试验。通过在现有残压试验回路中并联调波电容实现了冲击电流试验方法。采用冲击电压发生器及其调节和测试回路实现了冲击电压试验方法。研制了一种110kV电压等级的可控避雷器模型,利用该模型开展了试验研究;结果表明,可控避雷器在操作冲击电压下能够可靠动作。与常规避雷器相比,在相同电流下,可控避雷器模型的残压降低幅度与设计可控比（25%）接近,所设计的可控避雷器模型具有预期的限压效果。验证了提出的可控避雷器动作特性试验方法的有效性。

英文摘要：

The controllable metal oxide surge arrester is a new electrical set-up which can deeply reduce switching overvoltage in UHV transmission system.The conventional arrester test method could not be used to validate the switching impulse response properties of the controllable metal oxide surge arrester.Consequently,we discussed the switching impulse response properties of the controllable metal oxide surge arrester,and put forward a new test method which switching impulse current test and switching impulse voltage test were carried out respectively fitting test requirements.Moreover,we verified the response delay of controllable switch and the residual voltage of controllable metal oxide surge arrester in the test.The parallel modulated wave capacitor was used in the existing residual voltage test circuit to implement the switching impulse current test method,the impulse voltage generator,regulator and measurement circuit were used to implement the switching impulse voltage test method,and a designed 110 kV controllable metal oxide surge arrester was used in the verification test.In the test,the controllable arrester could respond reliably under switching impulse voltage.By comparing with the conventional arrester,the decreased range of the residual voltage of controllable arrester was close to the designed controllable rate of 25% in the same current.Furthermore,the designed controllable arrester with expected limit effect was verified,and the availability of the approach was verified.