中文摘要：

以坛紫菜Porphyra haitanensis的红色型为父本,野生型为母本进行杂交,获得了不同色泽嵌合和不同嵌合方式的突变体;从中挑选出4株典型的嵌合体进行单株培养,并通过体细胞酶解,获得完整的单色突变体,然后对这些藻体进行生长发育和经济性状的比较,其结果如下：（1）杂交嵌合体的类型：红色和绿色嵌合、红色和褐黄色嵌合、翠绿色和野生色嵌合、红色和橘黄色嵌合;（2）嵌合的方式：斑点状嵌合、条状嵌合、线状嵌合、“V”字型嵌合和片状嵌合等;（3）各单色突变体的生长差异显著,红色突变体的藻体长度和鲜重增长较快,3～4 cm的幼苗在实验室培养11～15 d,日增长量为8.5～9.6 cm/d,日增重（鲜重）为0.120～0.128 g/d,明显高于其他突变体,具有较好的杂交优势和生产应用前景;（4）在高温26～31℃培养各单色突变体,耐高温能力较强的是红色突变体和绿色突变体,两者在29℃时培养10 d和30℃时培养6～7 d时,叶片出现点状腐烂,但整株藻体仍完整;褐绿色突变体和传统栽培对照组的藻体对高温的耐受能力较差,在26℃培养6 d以上就完全腐烂.以上研究结果可为坛紫菜杂交嵌合体生物学研究以及杂交优势品系的选育提供科学参考.

英文摘要：

Through crossbreeding of the wild-type （ ♀ ） and red-type （ ♂） P. haitanensis, mosaic thalluses of different colors and fashions were obtained. 4 typical strains were selected and individually cultivated. After enzymolysis, integral thalluses with unicolor were obtained. By comparison of their generant types and economic characters, the following results are observed： （1） Mosaic types include red-and-green, red-and-brown-yellow, emerald-and-wild-color and red-and-croci. （2） The mosaic fashion can be divided into spot, strip, draft line, patch, ＂V＂ and etc. （3） A great difference occurs in the growth of thalluses among various unicolor mosaics. A remarkable growth speed of length and weight was observed in red mosaic. For example, the thallus with 3～4 cm can grow 8. 5～9.6 cm in length and 0. 120～0. 128 g in weight everyday from llth day to 15th day in lab condition. This type exhibits better heterosis and application prospect in production. （4） Various unicolor mosaics were cultivated in different temperature from 26 to 31 ℃. Among them, the red mosaic and the green mosaic exhibited stronger capacity in high temperature. Both of them had punctate rot but were integrated after cultivated for 10 days in 29 ℃ and for 6 or 7 days in 30 ℃. On the contrary, the brown-green mosaic and traditional breed exhibited lower high-temperature resistance, and they would rotted completely after cultivated for 6 days in 26 ℃. The above results may provide scientific reference for the biological research of Porphyra haitanensis crossbred mosaic and the selective breeding of advantageous strained.