中文摘要：

目的总结不同浓度有机磷中毒兔肝肾损伤的超声背向散射积分测定及病理对照情况。方法 80只健康大白兔分为4组,中毒3个组分别为高、中、低剂量组,2.0 ml/kg剂量注射;对照组2.0 ml/kg剂量注射生理盐水。对兔肝肾进行超声检查及背向散射积分测定,然后进行组织病理学检测。结果中毒组兔MRA、SRA、IRA的VS、VD、VMN、AT、PI、RI均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,AC显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,中毒3组间呈现剂量越高,兔MRA、SRA、IRA的VS、VD、VMN、AT、PI、RI越高,AC越低,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;中毒组兔双肾肾皮质和髓质的上极、中部背侧、下级的背向散射积分显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,中毒3组间呈现剂量越高,双肾肾皮质和髓质的上极、中部背侧、下级的背向散射积分越低,组间比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;中毒组兔近场、中场和远场的肝脏背向散射积分显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,中毒3组间呈现剂量越高,近场、中场和远场的肝脏背向散射积分越低,组间比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。中毒剂量越高,兔肝肾组织坏死程度越明显,组织空泡数量越多。结论超声背向散射积分技术可对不同剂量有机磷中毒兔肝肾组织细微结构做定量诊断。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic integrated backscatter and pathological features of liver and kidney injury in rabbits poisoned with organophosphorus pesticide. Methods 80 healthy rabbits were divided into control group injected with 2 ml/kg of normal brine, low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose groups injected with increasing doses of organophosphorus pesticides. The renal hemodynamics, liver and kidney ultrasonographic integrated backscatter and pathological examination of liver and kidney were then performed. Results The VS, VD, VMN, AT, PI, and RI of MRA, SRA and IRA in the rabbits injected with pesticides were significantly higher whereas AC was significantly lower than those of control（ P〈0.05）. The low-dose, middle-dose,and high-dose groups showed significantly higher VS, SRA, VD, VMN, AT, PI, and RI whereas the AC was significantly lower with higher doses of pesticides（P〈0.05）. The poisoned rabbits had significantly（P〈0.05） lower backscatter in the upper pole, mid dorsal and lower pole renal cortex and medulla than that of control group with significantly（ P〈0.05） lower backscatter as the doses of injected pesticides increased. The near-, middle-and far-field liver backscatter of the poisoned rabbits was also significantly lower than that of control with progressively lower backscatter as the dose of injected pesticides increased（ P〈0.05）. The severity of hepatic and renal necrosis as well as the number of vacuoles on histological analysis increased with the degree of organophosphate poisoning.Conclusion Ultrasonographic integrated backscatter technology can be used to quantify the liver and kidney injury in rabbits with varying degree of organophosphate poisoning.