中文摘要：

细微颗粒物PM2.5已成为大气污染研究领域的热点和前沿,大气颗粒物中天然和人工超细SiO2颗粒物广泛存在。随着纳米SiO2的生产和应用日益普遍,其向环境的释放亦不可避免。由于纳米SiO2特殊的理化特性,导致其对生物机体的毒理作用与常规颗粒物不尽相同。本文综述报道纳米SiO2对生物机体产生毒性效应的国内外研究成果,即纳米SiO2产生的毒性效应,包括细胞膜毒性、氧化损伤及炎症反应、细胞凋亡和细胞周期的变化、DNA损伤以及基因的表达等,指出纳米SiO2对生物体产生的诸多毒性效应都是由包括粒径和剂量在内的多种因素综合作用的结果,并提出今后应加强对纳米SiO2造成的毒性效应的具体作用机制的相关研究。

英文摘要：

Fine particulate matter （PM2.5） has become a worldwide air pollution concern. Natural and artificial ultrafine silica particles exist widely in atmospheric particulate matters. The increasing application and production of nano-silica have inevitably resulted in its releasing into the environment. The special physicochemical properties make its toxicological effects upon organisms very different from conventional particulate matters. In the present paper, both domestic and international studies on the toxic effects of nano-silica were reviewed, including membrane toxicity, oxidative damage and inflammation, the impacts on cell apoptosis and the changes of cell cycle, DNA damage, and gene expressions. The paper pointed out that the cytotoxicity was influenced by many factors such as oarticle size and dosaze. The mechanism of toxicology of nano-silica should be further studied.