中文摘要：

为了更深入地了解微生物与大气可吸入矿物细颗粒的作用机理,实验以方解石（Pm2.5）为研究对象,采用反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）对硅酸盐细菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌胞外有机酸主要组分进行定性定量分析,考察了细菌胞外有机酸对方解石的溶蚀效应。实验结果表明,3种常见细菌的胞外有机酸主要组分有草酸、乳酸、柠檬酸和琥珀酸;不同有机酸对方解石的溶蚀效应不同,但均能不同程度地促进Ca离子的释放;草酸、乳酸和琥珀酸对方解石发生作用后,表现为颗粒失重,而柠檬酸对方解石发生作用后,导致其发生重结晶行为,能改变方解石的表面形貌,使残余固体呈纤维状;在草酸和柠檬酸作用下,残余固体表现出了对有机酸基团（如C=O、C—C或C—H）的吸附,特别是柠檬酸在1 600-500 cm^-1区域。

英文摘要：

In order to thoroughly understand the mechanism between microbe and atmospheric inhaled mineral fine particles, the authors used calcite（ PM2. 5） as the research object, and made qualitative and quantitative analysis of the main components of Silicate bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli extracellular organic acids by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography（ RP-HPLC）. On such a basis, the authors investigated the dissolution of calcite by bacterial organic acids. The results are as follows： The main organic acids components of three common bacteria include oxalic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and succinic acid; Different organic acids have different effects on dissolution of calcite： 1 Serveral different organic acids can promote the release of Ca ions at different levels; 2 Calcite exhibits the weight of grain decrease under the action of oxalic acid, lactic acid and citric acid, whereas recrystallization occurs under the action of citric acid, which aslo can change the surface morphology of calcite, making the residue exhibit fibrous form; 3 Under the action of oxalic acid and citric acid, the residue absorbs the organic acid groups（ e. g. C = O, C —C or C —H）, especially in the region 1 600 - 500 cm^-1 in citric acid.