中文摘要：

本文在几种典型的宏观交通流模型的基础上，导出能量耗散的计算公式，宏观交通流模型能耗不同于元胞自动机交通模型，其能耗不仅考虑车流速度减少，而且还要计及通过路段的车流通量引起的能耗．通过对满足黎曼初始条件的道路能耗和道路交通瓶颈处能耗的计算和理论分析，表明交通拥堵处，能量耗散比较高，而且能量耗散的变化也能反映交通拥堵产生及消散的情况．

英文摘要：

In this paper, the energy dissipation formulas of the several typical macroscopic continuum models of traffic flow are derived ac- cording to the loss of the kinetic energy of traffic flow on road. The calculation of energy dissipation via two traffic cases： two Riemann initial conditions and the traffic bottleneck on the road indicates the energy dissipation of macroscopic traffic mode is influenced by not only the velocity reduction of the vehicle, but also the velocity gradient of the vehicle and the traffic density along the road, which is different from the result obtained from the CA model.