中文摘要：

植物miRNAs在基因表达、生长、发育等方面有十分重要的作用．本实验以棉花显性无腺体近等基因系为材料，利用miRNA基因芯片杂交技术，分析与腺体形成相关的miRNA的差异表达．结果表明，棉花腺体形成期共有30个miRNA有差异表达，其中表达上调的miRNA有24个，分别属于miR156，miR157，miR166和miR390家族．表达下调的miRNA有6个，分别属于miR149，miR169，miR289，miR705，miR1224和miR1227家族．miRNA家族作用的靶基因分析发现主要分布在发育、分化和多细胞机体分化等几类，这些miRNAs可能在细胞分化和腺体的形成中发挥重要作用．

英文摘要：

Plant microRNAs（miRNAs） have important impacts on gene expression, growth, development and so on. The research is to screen the differentially expressed miRNA of near-isogenic lines of gland during gland forming age with microRNAs chips. The results showed that there were 30 rniRNAs differently expressing near-isogenic line of gland in upland cotton. Twenty-four miRNAs up-regulated their expressions of them, belonged to the miR156, miR157, miR166 and miR390 families, respectively. Six miRNAs down-regulated their expressions of them, belonged to the miR149, miR169, miR289, miR705, miR1224 and miR1227 families, respectively. The analysis on the target genes of these miRNAs revealed that these miRNAs participated in the developmental process, development and multicellular organismal process mechanism of cotton. Thus, these genes may play important roles in cell differentiation and formation of gland in upland cotton.