中文摘要：

由于研究旨趣的不同，学界对国家与农民关系的理论研究可以大体归为四个研究视角：一是乡土社会与国家建构的视角；二是政治控制与社会动员的视角；三是基层民主与农民维权的视角；四是基层政府与村庄精英的视角。四个视角涵盖了国家与农民关系研究的基本范畴和领域，对于我们认识国家与农民互动关系提供了丰富的理论资源。但需要看到，现有研究对于国家与农民关系的解释模式较为单一，这对进一步深化相关研究提出了要求。

英文摘要：

Because of the different research purport, theoretical study on the relationship between the state and farmers can be divided into four perspectives ： （ 1 ） the perspective of local society and national construction ; （2） the angle of view of political control and social mobilization; （3） the perspective of grassroots democracy and the rights of farmers; （4） the perspective of local government and the village elite. These four perspectives cover the basic content in the research of the relationship between the state and farmers, and provide rich theoretical resources for us to understand the interaction between state and farmers. However, the interpretation mode of existing research is simple, which puts forward requirements for the further related research.