中文摘要：

本文以南京和杭州为例，探讨道路遗产于历史城市的重要性、现实的窘境以及在发展过程中的保护策略。作者提出：道路遗产作为骨干，在历史城市中具备的礼仪威严、文化厚重、生活活力和交通属性。必须通过对城市格局与山水环境、绿化和建筑的多元特色、廊道以及历史文化街区等进行关联保护，才能真实传承，并成为保护历史城市的重要思路和创新方法。

英文摘要：

This paper discusses a range of issues concerning the protection of the roads heritages in old cities of Nanjing and Hangzhou, covering their significant roles in the past and awkward situations today and protection strategies in the future. Author points out roads heritages just as a backbone in the historical city should be protected together with the urban structure, landscape environment, the multiple features of architecture and plants, historical streets and blocks. The heritages of etiquette, cultural trajectory, life vitality and traffic function of roads in this way should be kept really. This is also one of the important methods and innovative approaches.