中文摘要：

大学三年级学生面临职业和学业方向的选择,需要进行相应的准备。通过对北京市25所高校4654名学生的追踪调查数据,从职业准备方向和职业准备类型两个维度考察了三年级学生的职业准备策略,对学生的职业准备类型进行了划分,并在此基础上探讨了三个类型学生的特征、职业成熟度与准备类型的关系,以及家庭背景、个人、院校、专业对准备类型选择的影响。研究表明不同学历层次及院校背景的学生,其职业准备类型和方向具有显著差异。高校应当从提高学生的职业成熟度入手,定位目标人群,对属于不同职业准备类型的学生提供不同的指导和帮助,提高学生职业定位及就业质量。

英文摘要：

The third grade college students faced two choices of career development, which are vocational choice and academic choice, and they need to prepare for relevant directions. This study examines the career preparation strategies of third grade students from two dimensions, which include ＂what to prepare for＂ and ＂how to prepare＂. Based on tracking survey data including 4654 third grade college student from 25 universities, we identified three categories of vocational preparation, and employed correlation between preparation category and career maturity. Then we tested impact of family background, personal characteristics on preparation type. The results show that the students of different levels of academic background and college background have significantly differences in their occupations preparation and orientation. This paper argues that colleges and universities should do more efforts to improve the students＇ career maturity, target needed student peer and give various guidance, enhances the quality of employment.