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渗透气化优先透醇分离膜

ISSN号：1005-281X
期刊名称：《化学进展》
时间：0
分类：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ028.8[化学工程]
作者机构：[1]清华大学化学工程系膜技术工程研究中心,北京100084
相关基金：国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（No.2003CB615701）、国家自然科学基金项目（No.20576059,No.20676067,No.20736003）、中石化科技开发研究基金（No.X505002）和中石油风险创新基金（No.05051143）资助

关键词：渗透气化, 乙醇/水混合物, 膜材料, 分离性能, pervaporation , ethanol/water mixtures , membrane materials , separation performance

中文摘要：

20世纪70年代的能源危机促使了人们对可再生能源-发酵法制备乙醇与节能分离工艺的探索。渗透气化膜分离技术作为一种新兴的膜分离技术，具有分离效率高、低能耗、易于和发酵装置耦合、易于与其它分离方法联用等显著优点，特别适用于乙醇／水等恒沸混合物体系的分离。本文简要介绍了渗透气化优先透醇膜的研究背景，总结并分析了用于指导膜材料选择的理论，详细介绍了用于制备优先透醇膜的含硅聚合物、含氟聚合物、有机／无机复合膜材料以及其他聚合物膜材料的的结构特点、改性方法及膜材料分子结构与渗透气化性能间的关系，将不同膜材料对乙醇／水的渗透气化分离性能进行了总结比较，在此基础上总结了目前渗透气化乙醇／水分离膜存在的问题，并对其未来的研究方向和发展前景进行了展望。

英文摘要：

The production of renewable ethanol biofuel from fermentation process as well as the investigation of energy-saving separation technics is advanced by the energy crisis in 1970s. As a rising membrane separation technology, pervaporation（PV） is especially attractive in the separation of azeotropic mixtures such as ethanol/water mixtures due to high separation efficiency, low energy consumption, integration of pervaporation with fermentor and synergy of performing pervaporation and other separation methods etc. A brief introduction of investigation background of ethanol perm-selective membrane by pervaporation is given in this paper. Theories used for the selection of ethanol perm-selective membrane materials are summarized and analyzed. And the structure characteristics, modification methods and PV performance of ethanol perm-selective membrane materials （such as silicon-containing polymers, fluorine-containing polymers, organic/ inorganic composite membrane materials and other polymers etc. ） with separation priorities are presented in detail. The relationship between the structure characteristics of PV membrane materials and their separation performance is discussed in detail. The pervaporation performance of various ethanol perm-selective membranes is summarized and compared. Problems existed in PV membrane for ethanol/water separation is proposed based on discussion above. And the foresight of development and investigation of ethanol perm-selective PV membrane is also brought forward.

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