中文摘要：

在综合分析湖泊沉积记录的西北干旱区全新世气候特征及演变规律基础上，对新疆不同时间尺度上湖泊的水文变化进行了研究。新疆不同地区全新世气候环境存在差异，北疆全新世主要经历了早期温干、中期暖湿以及后期温干的气候演化过程，但不同湖泊记录的气候转型时间有所差别。南疆全新世以来湖泊记录研究较少，对气候演变规律有不同的认识，但中全新世暖湿气候特征具有一致性。根据近千年来的湖泊沉积记录研究，近百年来新疆处于暖干化阶段。总体来看，全新世以来湖？白水位出现了明显的波动，并呈现总体下降的趋势。然而，近50年来，随着流域人口增加、社会经济发展等强烈的人类活动影响，造成流域水资源的匮乏，导致湖面的快速萎缩，引起严重的区域环境问题。地质历史时期的湖面升降，敏感地体现了气候的波动过程，由气候因子波动及人类活动趋势分析，新疆湖泊水面将继续萎缩。

英文摘要：

Based on analyzing the Holocene climate change inferred from lacustrine sediment in northwest China, in this paper the lake hydrological change and its environmental response at different time scales are studied. The pattern of Holocene climate change was obviously different from different regions, the lacustrine sediment suggests that it was dry in the early Holocene, became wet in the mid-Holocene, and then became dry again in the late Holocene, but the climate transition time was not consistent in different regions of north Xinjiang. Moreover, there were many different patterns of climate change inferred from different researchers, but the warm-wet climate in the mid-Holocene was recorded in most lacustrine sediments in south Xinjiang. Warm-dry climate was recorded in the lacustrine sediment in Xinjiang in the past 100 years. Generally, the Holocene climate is in a dry trend in Xinjiang. Especially in recent 50 years, the water areas of the lakes have been shrunk rapidly due to the population growth and social and economic development, which results in some environmental problems. The lake level and water area are sensitive to climate fluctuation, so they will become more serious with climate change and human activity increase in the near future.