中文摘要：

为把握和吸取科罗拉多河近百年来水权分配的规律及经验,对科罗拉多河在美国境内及美国和墨西哥之间的水权分配历程进行了全面梳理和归纳,重点阐述了各条约及措施的背景、目的、内容及相互联系。从科罗拉多河水权分配历程可以看出,流域水权的保障是工程措施和非工程措施协同发展的结果,同时应考虑自然条件、区域社会经济发展、生态环境和国际环境等综合因素;在水权条约的框架下,灵活的市场机制能够提高水资源利用效率,是应对水资源供需变化的有效方式。科罗拉多河水权分配历程对于中国国际河流水权维护及国内水资源优化配置具有重要的借鉴价值。

英文摘要：

This study comprehensively concluded the water right allocation course of the Colorado River in America and America—Mexico to seize and learn the century-long water right law and the situation of the Colorado River. Each water law focuses remarks on the background,purpose,content,and their relationships. The water right allocation course of the Colorado River demonstrates that the persistence of the water right is assured by the cooperative development of both engineering and non-engineering measures. Meanwhile,natural resources,regional socio-economic development,ecology,and international environment should also be considered. Under the water right treaty framework,flexible market mechanisms can improve water resource efficiency,which is an effective manner in addressing changes in the demand and supply of water resources. The water right allocation of the Colorado River has an important reference value for China in both claiming transboundary river water right and optimizing local water resource management.