中文摘要：

漆酶属于蓝多铜氧化酶家族,在自然界尤其是真菌中广泛存在。漆酶在催化多种底物氧化的同时,伴随氧一步四电子直接还原生成水,铜离子活性中心作为辅助基团,参与电子传递过程。漆酶这一良好的电化学特性使其成为生物阴极的理想催化剂。本文综述了漆酶作为具有生物活性的氧化还原蛋白质在电化学领域的研究情况,从漆酶的结构及来源、生物电催化反应机制（氧分子的还原和漆酶反应中间体的生成、铜离子活性中心的氧化还原电势、直接和介体参与的电子传递、影响漆酶电化学活性的因素）、漆酶修饰电极的材料和固定化技术及漆酶在电化学领域的应用等方面介绍了相关的研究进展。提出了漆酶电化学基础理论和实践应用中尚待解决的问题,展望了漆酶在电化学领域应用的发展方向。

英文摘要：

Laccases belonging to multicopper oxidases are widely existed in nature especially fungi.Laccases catalyze oxidation of a wide variety of substrates with the reduction of dioxygen to water through a four electron mechanism.Copper-active center participates the process as a prosthetic group.The perfect electrochemical characteristic of laccase makes it an ideal catalyst in biocathode.The paper reviews the latest developments of laccase as a redox-protein in the field of electrochemistry.The structure,source,bioelectrocatalysis mechanism（reduction of dioxygen and formation of reaction intermediate,potential of copper-active center,DET and MET,factors affected electrocatalytic activity of laccase）,the materials and immobilization of electrode modified with laccases,applications in electrochemistry are summarized.The main problems and prospects of laccases in electrochemistry are presented.