目的比较加负压(FNAC)及无负压(FNNAC)状态下行甲状腺结节细针穿刺活检细胞学诊断结果的差异,及对结节良恶性鉴别诊断的价值。方法回顾性分析了322例行超声引导下持续负压(FNAC)组156例或无负压(FNNAC)组166例的细针穿刺细胞学检查的甲状腺结节。根据2015年关于甲状腺结节与分化型甲状腺癌的ATA最新指南及Bethesda报告系统对细胞学结果分类,比较两种细针穿刺方法在细胞学结果中的差异。以手术病理结果及临床随访为金标准,比较两种方法在鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确性中的临床价值。结果FNAC对比FNNAC的两种细针穿刺方法的细胞学结果分别为:不能诊断9(5.8%)比16(9.6%),良性66(42.3%)比55(33.1%),没有明确意义的非典型或滤泡型病变(AUS/FLUS)20(12.8%)比41(24.7%),滤泡型肿瘤或可疑滤泡型肿瘤(FN)2(1.3%)比1(0.6%),可疑恶性(SUSP)22(14.1%)比22(13.3%),恶性37(21.1%)比31(18.7%)。在最终经手术病理或随访证实的229例病例中(手术病理证实130例,随访证实99例),FNAC FNNAC两种细针穿刺细胞学检查方法鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性的敏感度为82.7%(43/52)比71.9%(41/57);特异度为79.3%(46/58)比85.5%(53/62);阳性预测值为78.2%(43/55)比82.0%(41/50);阴性预测值为85.2%(46/54)比76.8%(53/69);准确性为80.9%(89/110)比79.0%(94/69)(P均〉0.05)。结论在有确定意义的细胞学结果中,FNAC的诊断效能优于FNNAC,但在鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性诊断价值中无显著差异性。
Objective To compare the diagnostic efficacy between fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) and fine needle non-aspiration cytology(FNNAC) in 322 thyroid lesions. Methods The cytologic results of FNAC(156) and FNNAC(166) were reviewed and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of diagnosing malignant thyroid nodule were determined. Results The cytologic results between FNAC and FNNAC were : 9(5.8%) vs 16(9.6%) for unsatisfactory samples, 66(42.3%) vs 55(33.1%) for benign findings, 20(12.8%) vs 41(24.7%) for atypical or follicular changes, 2(1.3%) vs 1(0.6%) for follicular neoplasm, 22(14.1%) vs 22(13.3%) for suspected malignancy, and 37(21.1%)vs 31(18.7%) for malignancy(P〈0.05). The 25 unsatisfactory samples and 68 samples without surgical pathology confirmation or follow-up were exclude from analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 130 surgically confirmed lesions and 99 benign nodules on 6 month-follow-up were : 82.7%(43 / 52) vs 71.9%(41 /57); 79.3%(46 / 58) vs 85.5%(53 / 62); 78.2%(43 / 55) vs 82.0%(41 / 50); 85.2%(46 / 54) vs 76.8%(53 / 69); 80.9%(89 / 110) vs 79.0%(94 / 69) for FNAC and FNNAC(P〈0.05). Conclusion FNAC is slightly better than FNNACfor cytological diagnosis of thyroid nodules without statistical difference.