中文摘要：

本研究利用便携式地物光谱仪,对新疆部分天然草地类型及植物进行了实地光谱测量,分析和比较了3种草地类型的光谱反射特征。结果表明,在可见光波段,干荒漠类草甸植被,除角果黎外,其冠层反射率要低于低地山地草甸和蒿属荒漠草地。而在近红外波段,角果黎、骆驼蓬、梭梭冠层光谱反射率明显高于低地山地草甸植被和部分蒿属荒漠草甸植被。同一类型草地中,由于植被类别间的差异以及叶片内部结构的不同,冠层光谱反射率差异较大。3类草地类型不同植被的红边特征参数表现为干荒漠类草甸的梭梭红边位置最高,低地山地草甸的博洛塔绢蒿红边位置最低;蒿属荒漠类草甸的骆驼蓬的红边斜率和红边面积最大,低地山地草甸的苔草红边斜率和红边面积最小。对6种代表性的植被指数分析得出,PRI、OSAVI、MCARI指数均表现为蒿属荒漠类草甸〈低地山地草甸〈干荒漠类草甸。NDVI植被指数则表现为低地山地草甸最大,而干荒漠类草甸最小。GNDVI指数表现为低地山地草甸最大,蒿属荒漠类草甸最小。总之,高光谱遥感对于草地植被的分类监测和遥感反演等具有重要的意义。

英文摘要：

The arid desert meadow,Artemisia desert meadow,and lowland mountain meadow are three main grassland types of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China.To assist the extraction of remote sensing data and dynamic monitoring of grassland,hyperspectral reflectance spectra were measured with a portable ground object spectrometer.The reflectance spectral characteristics were analyzed for the three main grassland types that are located on the northern side of the Tianshan Mountains in Fukang city.The canopy spectral reflectance of arid desert meadow was smaller than those of Artemisia desert meadow and lowland mountain meadow in the visible wavelengths（except for Ceratocarpus arenarius） while in the near infrared wavelengths,the spectral reflectance of C.arenarius,Peganum harmala and Haloxylon ammodendron was considerably greater than those of Artemisia desert meadow and lowland mountain meadow.Because of the difference between vegetation type and internal structure of leaves,the differences of spectral reflectance between different vegetations that belong to the same type were significant in the visible and the near infrared wavelengths.The value of the red edge position of H.ammodendron of arid desert meadow was greater than those of Artemisia desert meadow and lowland mountain meadow.The value of Dλred and Sred of P.harmala in the Artemisia desert meadow was greater than those of arid desert meadow and lowland mountain meadow,while those of Carex liparocarpos was the smallest.PRI,OSAVI and MCARI were the greatest for arid desert meadow vegetation and the smallest for Artemisia desert meadow vegetation.NDVI was the greatest for lowland mountain meadow and the lowest for arid desert meadow.In addition,GNDVI was the greatest for lowland mountain meadow and the lowest for Artemisia desert meadow.In conclusion,hyperspectral remote sensing played a vital and significant role in monitoring grassland vegetation classification and remote sensing inversion.