中文摘要：

随着人口不断增多和人民生活水平的不断提高，耕地逐渐减少，必须确保一定数量和质量的耕地，才能保持农业的可持续发展，鉴于耕地保护经济补偿标准的确定是耕地保护经济补偿机制构建的重要组成部分。文章提出了耕地保护经济补偿盈余／赤字面积及其折算系数测算方法，并在此基础上提出了耕地保护经济标准测算方法。同时以河南省为研究区域进行了实证分析。研究结果表明：（1）耕地保护补偿激励的基础是耕地效益的外部性。强化耕地资源的价值核算，将置于公共领域耕地的生态环境价值和社会价值显化。（2）根据耕地的质量等级计算区域赤字／盈余。由于不同区域的自然环境、耕地质量以及复种指数的差异较大，区域间单位耕地的产出也不同，因此在测算区域耕地保护面积时要根据耕地的质量等级进行折算。（3）耕地保护补偿标准需要根据实际进行修正。在耕地保护标准核算的基础上，要根据人们对耕地的社会效益和生态效益的支付意愿和能力，确定耕地保护补偿标准以纠正被扭曲了的耕地价值。

英文摘要：

With the increase of the population and the continuous improvement of people＇ s living standard, cultivated land is decreasing. It is very important to ensure a certain quantity and quality of cultivated land to maintain the sustainable development of agriculture. Therefore, the subjects of the cultivated land protection must be given a reasonable compensation to stimulate their protection behavior. To determine the economic compensation standard of cultivated land protection is an important part of cultivated land protection. This article puts forward the economic compensation of cultivated land protection surplus/deficit area, the conversion coefficient calculation method, and economic standard measurement. The results show that： （ 1 ） In theory, the externality is the important cause leading to the cultivated land protection compensation. Cultivated land resource value accounting should be strengthened and cultivated land ecological environment value and social value must be put in the public domain to manifest. （2） Cultivated area deficit/surplus is measured according to the quality grades. Due to the different parts of the natural environment, the cultivated land quality, multiple crop index differences and regional unit of cultivated land output are also different; the regional cultivated land protection area should be measured according to the quality grades of cultivated land conversion. （3） Compensation standards need to be mortified according to the actual. According to people＇ s willingness and ability to pay for ecological and social benefits of the cultivated land, compensation standard of cultivated land protection should be ensured in order to mortify distorted values.