中文摘要：

抑制共晶产生对低温保存非常重要。本文利用差示扫描量热法研究了加低温保护剂（DMSO、乙二醇、1,2丙二醇、甘油和1,3丁二醇）的NaCl水溶液的共晶行为。得到以5％、10％、15％NaCl水溶液为母液的五种保护剂溶液热流曲线图。研究发现，溶液共晶是过冷、随机过程。低温保护剂有抑制NaCI水溶液共晶的作用。低温保护剂浓度越高，共晶焓越小，对共晶的抑制作用越大。不同种类保护剂的抑制共晶的能力从强到弱依次是甘油、乙二醇、DMSO、1,2丙二醇和1,3丁二醇。升温过程中，溶液发生共晶反玻璃化现象和玻璃化现象。

英文摘要：

Eutectic of solution is lethal to cells and should be avoided in cryopreservation. In this paper differential scanning calorimety is used to study the eutectic phenomena of NaCl aqueous solutions with different concentrations of glycerol, ethylene glycol, 1,2 propylene glycol, 1,3 butanediol and dimethyl sulfoxide. It is found that the eutectic behavior is a super-cooling and random process. Cryoprotective agent can restrain the eutectic of NaCl aqueous solutions. The higher the concentration of cryoprotective agents, the less the enthalpy of eutectic and the bigger the capability of restrain the eutectic. The restrain effect of cryoprotective agents on eutectic is different. The best is glycerol and then is ethylene glycol, DMSO,1,2 propylene glycol and 1,3 butanediol respectively. It is also found that the glass transition and devitrification phenomena take place during the heating process.