中文摘要：

选择合适的阳离子单体和引发剂,采用无皂乳液聚合的方法,合成了稳定的阳离子型聚合物乳液.分析了单体（软单体丙烯酸丁酯BA、硬单体苯乙烯St、阳离子单体DMC）、引发剂过硫酸铵APS用量和搅拌速度等因素对乳液粒径及稳定性的影响.结果表明：当单体DMC、BA、St用量分别为13.14%（对体系质量）、6.18%（对体系质量）和2.32%（对体系质量）,引发剂用量0.5%（对单体质量）,搅拌速度250 r/min时,合成的阳离子乳液粒径为383.3 nm,具有较好的稳定性.应用于涂料染色织物,经过改进的阳离子聚合物乳液具有比商品粘合剂高的干摩擦牢度和较好的湿摩擦牢度.电子显微镜（SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）的观察结果说明,阳离子乳液能够在织物表面形成更完整均匀的聚合物薄膜.

英文摘要：

Cationic polymer emulsion was prepared with soap-free emulsion polymerization by selecting appropriate cationic monomer and initiator.The effect of the amount of soft monomer butyl acrylate BA,hard monomer styrene St,cationic monomer DMC and initiator APS,and stirring speed on emulsion particle size and stability was investigated.The results showed that when the amounts of DMC,BA and St were 13.14%（based on the mass of system）,6.18%（based on the mass of system） and 2.32%（of the system of quality）,the amount of initiator was 0.5%（owm） and the stirring speed was 250 r/min, the particle size of synthesized cationic emulsion was 383.3 nm and had good stability. Used in pigment dyed fabrics, the modified cationic emulsion had higher dry rubbing fastness than a commercial binder and good wet rubbing fastness. The observation result of SEM and AFM indicated that the cationic emulsion could form more perfect polymer membrane on the surface of fabric.