中文摘要：

目的研究体外培养的小鼠骨髓基质细胞（BMSCs）与蚕丝丝素材料的生物相容性，寻找BMSCs组织工程化神经的支架材料。方法通过贴壁法体外分离、培养小鼠（C57BL／6-GFP小鼠和C57BL／6小鼠）的BMSCs，与丝素共培养，通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜，观察细胞的黏附和生长情况。利用丝素浸出液培养BMSCs后，通过透射电镜观察细胞超微内部结构，用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法检测丝素、羟基磷灰石、有机锡浸出液和普通IMDM培养基培养细胞12h、24h、48h、72h、7d的细胞活力，每组重复12次。流式细胞术检测丝素浸出液培养BMSCs的细胞周期及细胞表型，实验重复3次。结果通过光镜、电镜观察，发现小鼠BMSCs黏附着丝素纤维、并沿着丝素纤维延伸，一些BMSCs缠绕并包裹丝素纤维，黏附着丝素纤维的细胞有的呈圆，形有的呈梭形。与普通IMDM培养基培养的细胞相比，透射电镜下丝素浸出液培养后的BMSCs内部结构未见异常；丝素和羟基磷灰石浸出液对BMSCs的活力无显著性影响（P〉0．05）；丝素浸出液对骨髓基质细胞周期和表型无明显影响。结论蚕丝丝素与小鼠BMSCs有好的生物相容性，且丝素对BMSCs没有毒性作用，可作为BMSCs构建组织工程化神经的支架材料。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the biocompatibility of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） of mice in vitro with silk fibroin materials and to explore a novel scaffold material to fabricate tissue-engineered nerve with introduction of BMSCs. Methods BMSCs were typically isolated from other cells by adherence to plastic. The mice-derived bone marrow stromal cells were cultured on the substrate of silk fibroin fibers and the cell attachment and growth during culture was observed by using light and electron microscopy. Mice-derived BMSCs were also cultured in the silk fibroin extract fluid. The cell ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. MTT test was used to detect cell viability in different media for 12, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days respectively （the test was repeated 12 times for each group）. Flow cytametry was employed to detect BMSCs cell cycle and phenotypes （the test was repeated 3 times）. Results BMSCs cells were tightly attached to the silk fibroin fibers and grew along the silk fibroin fibers; some of them enwrapped the silk fibroin fibers and they exhibited either a spherical or spindle shape. The results of transmission electron microscopy, MTT test and flow cytometry analysis showed that there was no significant difference between BMSCs cultured in the silk fibroin extract fluid and those in plain IMDM medium in their morphology, cell viability, proliferation and phenotypes. Conclusion These data indicate that silk fibroin has good biocompatibility with BMSCs and is also beneficial to the survival of BMSCs without exerting any significant cytotoxic effects on their phenotype ; thus it＇ s a potential scaffold material to fabricate tissue-engineered nerve with introduction of BMSCs.