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中文摘要：
为认识湖泊富营养化过程中沉水植物衰退机制,通过室内模拟试验,利用水下饱和脉冲荧光仪（Diving-PAM）测定了苦草（Vallisneria natans）在水体富营养化过程中不同氮磷营养盐水平下的荧光参数,并结合苦草其它生理指标,研究了苦草对水体富营养化过程中氮磷等营养盐浓度升高的响应.结果表明,苦草对水体氮、磷营养盐浓度的改变响应迅速,各处理组在处理2～6 h后最大量子产量都显著下降,处理12 h后与处理前相比没有显著的差异,各处理组之间没有显著差异;水体氮、磷营养浓度偏高（处理组D）或偏低（处理组A）都增强强光对苦草的抑制作用,从而影响光合作用,处理组B、C苦草实际光合作用能力（平均量子产量）显著高于处理组A、D苦草实际光合作用能力（p〈0.05）;在一定的水体氮磷营养盐水平范围,苦草叶绿素含量随氮磷水平的升高而增大,水体氮磷营养盐浓度达到处理组D水平,苦草植物体内叶绿素含量下降;植物体内丙二醛（MDA）的含量在不同处理组中存在变化,处理组B丙二醛最低,处理组D最高.这说明,苦草比较适合在富营养化水体生长,但富营养化水体中,过高浓度的氮、磷浓度可抑制苦草光合生理活动,进而影响苦草的生长.
英文摘要：
The response of Vallisneria natans to the increase contents of nitrogen and phosphorus were studied under laboratory conditions by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of V.natans using a pulse-amplitude modulated fluorometer（Diving-PAM）,combined with measuring some other physiological indexes of V.natans.The results showed that V.natans responded quickly to water nitrogen and phosphorus concentration changes,the maximum quantum yield decreased significantly after 2 h and 6 h,the maximum quanta yield returned to normal levels 12 h after the treatment.There was no significant difference between treatment groups for the maximum quantum yield.Inhibitory effect of light intensity on photosynthesis of V.natans was more obvious under higher（treatment D） or lower（treatment A） concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus.The average quantum yields of four measurements in the treatment B or C was significantly higher than that of A or D（p 〈0.05）.Within a certain range,chlorophyll content increased significantly with the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations.When nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations further increased and reached the level of D treatment,chlorophyll content of V.natans decreased.Malondialdehyde（MDA） content of V.natans changed in the different treatment groups,MDA content of treatment B was the lowest while treatment D was the highest.It shows that V.natans is more suitable for growing in eutrophic waterbodies,but excessive nitrogen and phosphorus could inhibit the physiological activities of V.natans.
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