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太湖化学耗氧量和生化需氧量的时空分布特征

期刊名称：环境科学学报
时间：0
页码：2544-2552
分类：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室太湖湖泊生态系统研究站,南京210008, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
相关基金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2009ZX07101-013）; 国家自然科学基金项目（No.40971252 40825004 40730529）; 中国科学院知识创新工程项目（No.KZCX2-YW-QN312）致谢（Acknowledgement）：太湖湖泊生态系统研究站为本研究提供了COD、BOD、DTN、DTP监测数据及降雨量数据.钱荣树、陈非洲、王永平、蔡永久、商景阁等参加了2009野外采样工作,在此表示感谢.
相关项目：基于光谱吸收、三维荧光、碳同位素研究太湖CDOM组成特征及来源

关键词：化学耗氧量, 生化需氧量, 时空分布, 太湖, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, temporal-spatial distribution, Lake Taihu

中文摘要：

基于2009年2月（冬季）、5月（春季）、8月（夏季）、11月（秋季）全太湖32个站点的化学耗氧量（COD）、生化需氧量（BOD）、溶解性总氮（DTN）、溶解性总磷（DTP）、浮游植物色素数据,分析了太湖COD、BOD的时空分布特征,并探讨了影响COD、BOD时空分布的因素.结果表明,2009年太湖COD值为3.40～6.16mg·L-1,平均值为（4.38±0.72）mg·L-1;BOD为0.64～5.93mg·L-1,平均值为（1.91±1.63）mg·L-1.COD值在秋冬季节较高,其值显著大于春夏季（p〈0.001）;而BOD值冬季较高,其它季节都较低.COD与BOD的空间分布格局相似,呈现出自竺山湾、太湖西北沿岸区向梅梁湾区、湖心区、东南湖湾区依次递减的趋势.分类统计结果显示,河口沿岸区COD、BOD值显著高于开敞水域区（p〈0.001）.相关性分析结果表明,COD、BOD与DTN、DTP、浮游植物色素的相关性存在季节性差异.夏季浮游植物色素浓度与COD、BOD相关系数最高,说明夏季浮游植物降解对水体内COD和BOD的贡献要高于其它季节.COD与BOD的时空分布特征主要受降雨量、河流输入、＂引江济太＂及太湖浮游植物活动等的影响.

英文摘要：

The temporal-spatial distribution of chemical oxygen demand（COD）,biochemical oxygen demand（BOD）,and the relationships between COD,BOD and phytoplankton pigment,dissolved total nitrogen（DTN） and dissolved total phosphorus（DTP） concentrations are presented based on the conventional monitoring data of COD,BOD,phytoplankton pigment,DTN and DTP from four seasons（winter：February;spring：May;summer：August;autumn：November） in 2009 including 32 samplings in Lake Taihu.The results showed that the COD concentration ranged from 3.40 to 6.16 mg·L-1 with a mean value of（4.38 ± 0.72） mg·L-1 and the BOD concentration ranged from 0.64 to 5.93 mg·L-1 with a mean value of（1.91 ± 1.63） mg·L-1.COD concentrations in winter and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and summer（ANOVA,p 0.001）,while BOD concentration was higher in winter and lower in other seasons.A significant spatial difference was found in COD concentration and BOD concentration,decreasing from Zhushan Bay and the river inflows of northwest Lake Taihu to Meiliang Bay,and from the central lake to the southeast lake basin.Apparently,COD and BOD concentrations were higher in the mouths of inflowing rivers and in bays,compared with the concentration in open water in Lake Taihu（ANOVA,p 0.001）.Seasonal differences of relationships between COD,BOD and DTN,DTP,phytoplankton pigment are discussed.The highest correlation between COD,BOD and phytoplankton pigment concentration found in summer indicated a more important contribution of phytoplankton degradation to COD and BOD in summer than other seasons.The temporal-spatial distribution characterizations of COD and BOD were affected by the rainfall,the river inflows,the hydraulic project＂Yangtze River-Taihu Lake Water Transfer Project＂and the degradation of phytoplankton blooms in Lake Taihu.

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