[目的] 了解上海市新生儿接触邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)的暴露水平,并开展累积暴露的健康风险评估。[方法] 对2013年7月-2014年7月于同济大学附属上海市第一妇幼保健院分娩的237名新生儿进行横断面观察,采用液相色谱串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测胎粪中10种PAEs代谢物[邻苯二甲酸单甲酯(MMP)、邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)、邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯(MnBP)、邻苯二甲酸单异丁酯(MiBP)、邻苯二甲酸单苄基酯(MBzP)、邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(MEHP)、单(2-乙基-5-氧代己基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MEOHP)、单(2-乙基-5-羧基戊基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MECPP)、单(2-乙基-5-羟基己基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MEHHP)、单(2-羧基己基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MCMHP)]的含量(质量分数,后同);并用胎粪中PAEs代谢物含量推算出6种PAEs[邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DnBP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DiBP)和邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)]的每日估计暴露量(EDI);用危害指数(HI)法评估PAEs累积暴露的健康风险。[结果] 新生儿胎粪中10种PAEs代谢物含量相对较高的为MEHP(65.00 ng/g)、MiBP(27.30 ng/g)和MnBP(27.90 ng/g),其检出率均超过90%。6种PAEs中,DiBP的EDI中位数为22.88 μg/kg(以体重计),远高于DEP、DnBP、DMP、DEHP和BBP(中位数分别为3.45、2.96、1.90、1.19和0.41μg/kg)。237名新生儿中,HI ≥ 1者有5名(2.11%),均为女婴。[结论] 上海市237名新生儿中,有2.11% HI ≥ 1,提示新生儿PAEs暴露的健康风险值得关注。
[Objective] To describe the exposure levels of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in newborns in Shanghai and assess the cumulative health risk due to the exposure.[Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted in 237 newborns delivered in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University form July 2013 to July 2014. Ten kinds of phthalate metabolites[monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethylphthalate (MEP), mono-n-butylphthalate (MnBP), monoisobutylphthalate (MiBP), mono-benzylphthalate (MBzP), mono-2-ethylhexylphthalate (MEHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyphthalate (MEOHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexylphthalate (MEHHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentylphthalate (MECPP), and mono-2-carboxymethyl-hexyl phthalate (MCMHP)] in meconium samples were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Estimated daily intakes (EDI) of six kinds of PAEs[dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP), and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)] were calculated through the mass fractions of phthalate metabolites. The cumulative health risks of PAEs were assessed using hazard index (HI) approach.[Results] MEHP, MiBP, and MnBP were three highest phthalate metabolites detected in the meconium samples in terms of both detection rates (all 〉 90%) and mass fractions (65.00, 27.30, and 27.90 ng/g, respectively). The median of EDI of DiBP (22.88 μg/kg body weight) was higher than those of DEP, DnBP, DMP, DEHP, and BBP, with medians of 3.45, 2.96, 1.90, 1.19, and 0.41 μg/kg body weight, respectively. There were 2.11% of the participants (n=5) with HI ≥ 1.[Conclusion] There are 2.11% of the selected newborns with HI ≥ 1, indicating the PAEs exposure in Shanghai newborns may pose a health risk to them.