中文摘要：

美国高等教育体系处于世界领先地位,其高等教育管理体制亦备受世界各国研究者的青睐.美国的高等教育管理体制是地方分权制.二战以后,美国不断对其高等教育管理体制进行变革,以应对全球挑战,维持美国高等教育的领先地位.由社会经济的发展变化、军事科技因素、主流文化、市场竞争等因素构成的环境系统和高校内部管理体制、社会公众、政府等组成的系统共同构成了美国高等教育管理体制改革的动力系统,两者之间的互动决定了美国高等教育管理体制的最终形式.

英文摘要：

America is a world leader in higher education system. Its higher education management system which is typically localized is also a favor of researchers of every country. Since World War II, America has continuously made reforms in higher education management system to meet the global challenges and maintain its leading position in higher education. The impetus system of American higher education management system reformation is comprised of two parts ： one is environmental system which includes social and economic development, military, science and technology, mainstream culture, market competition, etc; the other is the system of human beings which consists university internal management system, general public and government. The interactions between environmental system and system of human beings determine American higher education management system.