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中文摘要：
太湖流域农业非点源污染问题日趋严峻，流域内圩区面积占较大比重，圩区水流及污染物迁移的特殊规律决定了圩区非点源污染规律的特殊性，而目前国内外相关研究较少，因此研究太湖流域典型圩区营养盐迁移转化特征具有重要的意义。在太湖流域平原河网地区选择典型圩区开展野外原位试验，通过野外观测和室内分析相结合的方法，研究了圩区磷素在自然降雨-径流驱动下的迁移特征。建立了稻季农田磷素的迁移通量与径流通量、施肥量及降雨距施肥时间间隔三者之间的定量化关系。结果表明：①径流通量是影响磷素流失通量的关键因素；②施磷肥后径流中磷素浓度达最高值，后呈下降趋势，磷素径流损失与施磷量呈显著正相关：③施肥与径流发生的时间间隔是决定径流磷损失的重要因素。
英文摘要：
As to Taihu basin, including many polders, the non-point source pollution is becoming serious gradually. It has about 14 541 km^2 polders, which takes up 51% of the land area in its land plain. These polders play a role in protecting the safety of people＇s lives and properties and promote the economic development and social stabilization. However, due to the accumulation of fertilizer and pesticide in soil and the eluviations of salinity, water quality of these polders changed to be worse, the environment was influenced, and water environment here was threatened severely. Its unique hydrology and specific transference of contaminants determined the characteristic of the non-point pollution of polder. Since little studies have been done on this, it is essential to carry out some research on this field. A typical agricultural watershed and runoff plots in polder areas around Taihu Lake were selected and experiment in situ was conducted. The transportation characteristics of various forms phosphorus driven by natural rainfall-runoff were studied by field observations and laboratory testing. Regression relationships between transportation fluxes with runoff fluxes and fertilization were set up. It suggested that： （1）Runoff fluxes was the key factor of the transference fluxes; （2）The phosphorus concentration in the runoff after fertilization arrived at the highest level, then descended, and was positively correlated with fertilization; （3）The time between runoff and fertilization was also the important factor influencing the transportation fluxes.
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