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中文摘要：
太湖流域农业非点源问题日趋严峻，流域内圩区面积占较大比重，圩区水流运动的特殊性决定了圩区非点源污染物迁移规律的特殊性，而目前国内外相关研究较少，因此太湖流域典型圩区营养盐迁移转化特征研究具有重要意义。在太湖流域平原河网地区选择典型圩区开展野外原位试验，通过野外观测和室内分析相结合的方法，研究了圩区氮素在自然降雨-径流驱动下的迁移特征，建立了稻季农田氮素的迁移通量与径流通量、施肥量及降雨距施肥时间间隔三者之间的定量化关系。结果表明，径流通量是影响氮素流失通量的关键因素；施尿素后径流中氮素浓度达最高值，后呈下降趋势，氮素径流损失与施氮量呈显著正相关；施肥与径流发生的时间间隔也是决定径流氮损失的重要因素。
英文摘要：
As to Taihu Basin, including many polders, the non-point source pollution is becoming serious gradually. It has about 14 541 km^2 polders, which account for 51% of the land area in its plain. These polders play an important role in protecting the safety of people＇ s lives and properties and promote the economic development and social stabilization. However, due to the accumulation of fertilizer and pesticide in soil and the saltwater intrusion, water quality of these polders was becaming worse increasingly. The unique hydrology and transportation of contamination from polder determined the characteristic rule of the non-point pollution of polder. Since little studies have been done on this, it was necessary to pay more attention on this field. A typical agricultural watershed and runoff plots in polder areas around Taihu was selected and experiment in situ was conducted. The transportation characteristics of various forms nitrogen driven by natural rainfall-runoff were studied by field observations and laboratory tests. Regression relationships between transportation fluxes with runoff fluxes and fertilization were set up. It suggested that, runoff fluxes is the key factor influencing the transportation fluxes;the nitrogen concentration of the runoff due to fertilization arrived at the highest level, and then descends, and was positively correlated with rate of fertilizer application ;the time interval between runoff and fertilizer application is also the important factor influencing the transportation fluxes of nitrogen.
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