本文通过分析中国高速公路收费政策的现状,在传统静态拥挤收费定价模型的基础上,依据交通流量将中国的高速公路分为不拥挤、适度拥挤和过度拥挤三种情况,建立了符合中国高速公路拥挤实际情况的拥挤收费定价模型。通过模型的推导,得出以下结论:第一,不拥挤的高速公路,不收费或者低收费;第二,过度拥挤的高速公路,不收费;第三,正常拥挤的高速公路,收取拥挤费。并且结合中国高速公路管理实践,运用修正后的模型,分析拥挤情况较为复杂的双向通道高速公路收费政策,从实际的角度对修正模型进行了检验。最后,提出了根据不同的拥挤情况采取不同收费政策的建议。
This paper analyzes the current situation of Chinese express way toll policy. Based on the classic static congestion pricing mod- el, we modify the model to apply to the condition of Chinese express way. The modified model classifies our express way into three types : uncrowded express way, moderately crowded express way and overcrowded express way. Then, by discussing the model and referring to external experience, we make reasonable suggestions and establish a scientific framework which will be valuable for making express way toll policies.