中文摘要：

目的：探讨基于“肾”脏象理论，从肾论治珠蛋白合成障碍性贫血的证治规律和客观性。方法：采用随机、单盲、安慰剂平行对照的方法，用补肾益髓法的代表方（益髓生血颗粒），在广西高发区治疗地中海贫血（α-，β-型），疗程3个月。结果：对同一中医证侯（肝肾阴虚、精血不足证）的两种地贫（α-，β-型）患者，用补肾益髓法的代表方（益髓生血颗粒）治疗，均取得肯定的疗效，患者临床症状的明显改善与血液指标的提高相一致。研究提出了地中海贫血中医核心病机的假说，验证了它的客观性，并初步揭示了疗效特点和作用环节。结论：基于“肾藏精生髓、髓生血”理论，用补肾填精益髓法从肾论治，辩证治疗珠蛋白合成障碍性贫血是有效的。高发区临床实践和疗效分子机制的深入研究，进一步验证了“肾藏精生髓、髓生血”理论的客观性。研究结果从一个侧面揭示肾脏象理论的科学内涵提供了科学依据。

英文摘要：

Beta-thalassemia is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin synthesis with a high morbidity, but no effective measures are available for its treatment. This work aimed to carry out an intensive study concerning the Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory ＂Kidney Engenders Marrow＂ by treating beta-thalassemia patients with the kidney tonifying formula. Randomized, single-blind, placebo parallel-controlled and self-cross-referred trials were adopted. The beta-thalassemia patients （both α and β types ） from Guangxi Provice, an area with a high morbidity in China, were treated with YiSuiShengXueGranule （YSSXG） for 3 months. The results indicated that both two types （α and β） of patients suffering the same TCM syndrome of essence and blood deficiency and the kidney-yin and liver-yin got positive effects after the treatment with ~SSXG. The significant improvement of the TCM syndrome kept in accordance with the enhancement of blood indexes. This study evidenced the objectivity of the nuclear TCM mechanism for treating beta-thalassemia, and partly revealed its effective specialty and main points.