中文摘要：

本研究对植物甾醇（phytosterol，PS）、植物甾醇酯（phytosterol ester，PSE）及其相关乳制品进行降低心血管疾病风险方面的功能性评价，并为指导植物性化学物质和养心乳制品（Yangxin dairy，YXD）的实际使用提供科学依据。SD大鼠被分为9组，每组10只。正常对照组、模型组大鼠分别喂养正常饲料和高脂饲料，灌胃0.9%生理盐水，PS、PSE、YXD和安慰剂组高脂喂养的同时连续灌胃PS（23.6、47.2mg/mL）、PSE（23.6、47.2mg/mL）、YXD（30、60g/250mL）和花生油4周。4周后处死所有大鼠取样本进行检测。结果发现，大鼠总胆固醇含量明显降低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量呈剂量依赖性增加。这些干预方式会对降低甘油三酸酯的水平、总抗氧化能力和丙二醛含量有一定影响，但效果不稳定。在肝脏和病理切片的相应指标测定结果中也有相同的趋势。PSE和YXD能有效地降低心脑血管疾病风险。此外，本研究证实YXD在降低心血管疾病风险、保护肝脏和血管的效果方面较突出。

英文摘要：

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of phytosterol(PS),phytosterol ester(PSE)and dairy products supplemented with PS and/or PSE in reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for the purpose of providing a scientific basis for guiding the practical use of plant-derived phytochemicals and Yangxin dairy(YXD),a commercial dairy product supplemented with both PS and PSE.SD rats were randomly divided into9groups with10rats in each group.The rats in the normal control and model groups were fed a normal diet and a high fat diet,respectively and then administrated by gavage with0.9%normal saline,while those in the PS,PSE,YXD and placebo groups were given a high fat diet and gavaged with PS at23.6and47.2mg/mL,PSE at23.6and47.2mg/mL,YXD at30and60g/250mL and peanut oil,respectively.After4consecutive weeks of administration,all the rats were sacrificed for the collection of blood and visceral tissue samples.The results showed that total serum cholesterol levels in the rats in the PS,PSE and YXD groups significantly decreased and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased in a dose-dependent manner compared with the model group.These treatments also caused a reduction of triglyceride,total antioxidant capacity and malonaldehyde levels,although the effect was unstable.The same trends were also seen for the corresponding indicators in liver and pathological sections.PSE and YXD had better efficacy in reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Furthermore,YXD had higher potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and protect the liver and blood vessels.