卷筒是起重机的重要承载部件,其设计的合理与否对起重机的安全性能至关重要。多层缠绕卷筒是当前卷筒发展的主流趋势,探讨其轻量化设计具有重要意义。以某型号塔机多层缠绕卷筒为例,在大型通用有限元软件Ansys中建立其APDL参数化模型,对其结构进行强度、刚度分析。在此基础上,将卷筒强度、刚度作为约束条件,构建以自重最轻为目标的优化设计模型,在Design Opt模块实现了本次卷筒结构的轻量化设计;为缩短上述Ansys优化方法运算周期、提高效率,在Matlab中利用LM-BP神经网络超强的非线性问题拟合能力与GA优秀的全局搜索能力实现了本次多层缠绕卷筒的快速优化设计。针对多层缠绕卷筒轻量化设计方法所做的两种探讨,对未来起重机多层缠绕卷筒的结构设计和优化具有一定的参考价值。
Drum is one of the important load-carrying components of cranes. The drum's design,reasonable or not,is of great importance to the security of cranes. Multilayer drum is the current mainstream trend of the development of the drum. It's significantly to explore the lightweight design. This paper takes a model of multilayer drum of tower crane for example. It sets up the APDL parameterized model according to the Ansys,a large universal software,and analyzes the strength and stiffness of the model. It takes the strength and stiffness as constraints based on the analysis and sets up the optimization design model that aims at the lightest weight. And the lightweight design of the drum comes true under the Design Opt module. In order to reduce the execution cycle of the ANSYS optimization method and improve the efficiency,it uses LM-BP neural network which has great nonlinear problem fitting ability and GA which has excellent global search ability in Matlab to realize this rapid optimization design of multilayer drum. Two discussion,which aim at lightweight design of the drum involved in this paper,have some reference value for the structural design and optimization of multilayer drum of cranes in the future.