中文摘要：

提出了利用p-π共轭效应设计离子液体的方法,p-π共轭效应可以有效分散阴离子的负电荷,降低离子液体中阴阳离子之间的库仑引力,以得到低粘度的离子液体.所设计的离子液体为1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酸（EMIB）和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑异烟酸（EMIIN）（它们的阴离子中羧酸根和芳环为p-π共轭结构）,这两种离子液体都达到了较低的粘度（EMIB为42mPa·s,EMIIN为27mPa·s）.进一步将这两种离子液体做成电解质,应用在染料敏化太阳能电池中,通过优化电解质的组成,EMIB基电解质达到了1.43mS·cm-1的电导率和1.45×10-7cm2·s-1的I-3的扩散系数,而EMIIN基电解质的电导率和I-3扩散系数分别为1.63mS·cm-1和2.01×10-7cm2·s-1,后者电导性能的提高主要和EMIIN粘度较低有关系.进一步将这两种电解质组装成电池,在300W·m-2的光强下测得EMIB基电池和EMIIN基电池的效率分别为2.85%和4.30%.

英文摘要：

A method of utilizing p-π conjugation effects for obtaining low-viscosity ionic liquids is presented.p-π conjugation effectively disperses anionic charge and reduces Coulombic interactions.Ionic liquids prepared in this study were 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium benzoate （EMIB） and 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium isonicotinate （EMIIN）.They have carboxyl and aromatic ring p-π conjugated anions,and achieve low viscosities of 42 and 27 mPa · s,respectively.EMIB and EMIIN were employed as electrolytes,which were used to construct dye-sensitized solar cells （DSCs）.After optimizing the composition,the ionic conductivity and triiodide ionic diffusion constant for the EMIB-based electrolyte were 1.43mS · cm-1 and 1.45 × 10-7cm 2 · s-1,respectively.For the EMIIN-based electrolyte,the ionic conductivity and triiodide ionic diffusion constant were 1.63mS · cm-1 and 2.01×10-7cm 2 · s-1,respectively.These were higher than the corresponding values for the EMIB-based electrolyte because of EMIIN s lower viscosity.DSCs based on these two electrolytes attained satisfactory energy conversion efficiencies of 2.85% and 4.30% for EMIB and EMIIN,respectively,under an illumination intensity of 300 W · m-2.